Belajar Mendeskripsikan
#BELAJAR,#KOMPETENSI, #BAHASA, #INDONESIA
KOMPETENSI DASAR
3.1 Mengidentifikasi informasi dalam teks deskripsi tentang objek
(sekolah, tempat wisata, tempat bersejarah, dan atau suasana
pentas seni daerah) yang didengar dan dibaca.
4.1 Menentukan isi teks deskripsi objek (tempat wisata, tempat
bersejarah, pentas seni daerah, kain tradisional, dll) yang
didengar dan dibaca.
3.2 Menelaah struktur dan unsur kebahasaan dari teks deskripsi
tentang objek (sekolah, tempat wisata, tempat bersejarah, dan
atau suasana pentas seni daerah) yang didengar dan dibaca.
4.2 Menyajikan data, gagasan, kesan dalam bentuk teks deskripsi
tentang objek (sekolah, tempat wisata, tempat bersejarah, dan
atau suasana pentas seni daerah) secara tulis dan lisan dengan memperhatikan struktur,
kebahasaan baik secara lisan dan tulis.
Jika kamu pernah menemukan sebuah teks yang menjelaskan informasi lengkap yang terkait dengan topik yang dibahas di teks tersebut, kemungkinan besar itu adalah teks deskripsi. Karena ciri-ciri dari teks ini sangat menonjol. Disebabkan karena teks deskripsi hanya tersusun oleh 3 struktur dan mempunyai tujuan yang jelas. Mari pahami jenis dan contoh teks deskripsi.
Pengertian Teks Deskripsi
Teks deskripsi adalah sebuah paragraf dimana gagasan utamanya disampaikan dengan cara menggambarkan secara jelas objek, tempat, atau peristiwa yang sedang menjadi topik kepada pembaca. Sehingga pembaca seolah-olah merasakan langsung apa yang sedang diungkapkan dalam teks tersebut.Tujuan Teks Deskripsi
Tujuan teks berbeda dengan teks negosiasi, dimana tujuan teks deskripsi sangat jelas yaitu agar orang yang membaca teks ini seolah-olah sedang merasakan langsung apa yang sedang di jelaskan dalam teks tersebut.Ciri-Ciri Teks Deskripsi
Ciri-ciri yang dimiliki teks ini sangat jelas sehingga akan sangat mudah membedakan teks ini dengan teks lainnya.Berikut ini ciri-cirinya:
• Paragraf deskripsi menggambarkan sesuatu.
• Paragraf yang digambarkan dijelaskan secara sangat jelas dan rinci serta melibatkan kesan indera.
• Ketika pembaca membaca teks deskripsi, maka seolah-olah merasakan langsung apa yang sedang dibahas di dalam teks.
• Teks deskripsi menjelaskan ciri-ciri fisik objek, seperti bentuk, ukuran, warna, atau ciri-ciri psikis/keadaan suatu objek dengan rinci.
Struktur Teks Deskripsi
Adapun 3 struktur yang menyusun teks deskripsi sehingga menjadi satu keutuhan.3 struktur tersebut yaitu:
1. Identifikasi Penentu identitas seseorang, benda, dan sebagainya.
2. Klasifikasi Penyusunan ber-sistem dalam kelompok menurut kaidah atau standar yang telah ditetapkan.
3. Deskripsi bagian Bagian teks yang berisi tentang gambaran-gambaran bagian didalam teks tersebut.
Jenis Teks Deskripsi
Teks deskripsi sendiri dibedakan menjadi 3 macam yaitu:1. Teks paragraf deskripsi subjektif : suatu paragraf deskripsi yang penggambaran objek nya menurut kesan yang dimiliki oleh penulis teks.
2. Teks paragraf spatial: dalam teks ini objek yang digambarkan hanya berupa tempat, benda, ruang dan lainnya.
3. Teks paragraf objektif: teks ini objek digambarkan apa adanya menurut keadaan objek yang sebenarnya tanpa penambahan opini dari penulis itu sendiri.
Langkah-langkah Membuat Teks / Paragraf Deskripsi
1. Menentukan tema (objek yang akan dibahas).
2. Menentukan tujuan.
3. Kumpulkan data-data dan lakukan pengamatan langsung mengenai objek yang akan dibahas.
4. Setelah data-data terkumpul, susunlah data tersebut menjadi kerangka karangan.
5. Uraikan kerangka karangan menjadi teks deskripsi yang disesuaikan dengan topik.
Ciri/Kaidah Kebahasaan Teks Deskripsi Berikut ini adalah kaidah kebahasaan teks deskripsi:
1. Menggunakan kata benda sesuai topik yang dideskripsikan. Seperti: sekolah, rumah, guruku, teman saya, dll.
2. Menggunakan frasa yang mengandung kata benda. Contohnya yaitu beliau adalah seorang kepala sekolah yang rendah hati, dll.
3. Mengandung kata sifat yang bersifat menggambarkan. Seperti: satu siswa rajin, dua kaos kaki putih, dll.
4. Mengandung kata kerja Transitif untuk memberikan informasi subjek. Seperti: siswa itu mengenakan seragam putih biru, dll.
5. Mengandung kata kerja (perasaan, pendapat) dengan tujuan mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis mengenai subjek. Seperti: saya pikir itu adalah kucing cerdas, saya yakin buku itu murah, dll.
6. Mengandung kata keterangan untuk memberikan informasi tambahan mengenai objek. Seperti: dengan cepat, di rumah, di kantin, dll.
7. Mengandung bahasa kiasan berupa perumpamaan atau metafora. Seperti: kulitnya lembut seperti benang sutra, dll.
Contoh Teks Deskripsi
Contoh teks deskripsi dalam Bahasa Indonesia Aku punya kucing bernama Tara. Bulunya berwarna hitam dan putih, dengan putih sebagai warna dominan. Tara mempunyai ekor panjang dan sangat lucu. Tara suka sekali memakan ikan dengan nasi. Saat Tara lapar, dia akan mengeong meminta makan.
CONTOH VIDEO TEKS DESKRIPSI
Learning to
describe
BASIC COMPETENCIES
3.1 Identify information in the description text about
objects
(schools, tourist attractions, historical places, and / or
regional art performances) that are heard and read.
(schools, tourist attractions, historical places, and / or
regional art performances) that are heard and read.
4.1 Determine the contents of the object description text
(tourist
attractions, historical sites, regional art performances,
traditional fabrics, etc.) that are heard and read.
attractions, historical sites, regional art performances,
traditional fabrics, etc.) that are heard and read.
3.2 Reviewing the structure and linguistic elements of the
description text about objects (schools,tourist attractions,
historical places, and / or regional art performances) that are
heard and read.
description text about objects (schools,tourist attractions,
historical places, and / or regional art performances) that are
heard and read.
4.2 Presenting data, ideas, impressions in the form of text
descriptions of objects (schools, tourist attractions,
historical places, and or the atmosphere of regional art
performances) in writing and verbally by paying attention to
the structure, language both verbally and written.
descriptions of objects (schools, tourist attractions,
historical places, and or the atmosphere of regional art
performances) in writing and verbally by paying attention to
the structure, language both verbally and written.
If you ever find a text that explains complete information related to the topic discussed in the text, chances are that it is a description text. Because the characteristics of this text are very prominent.
Because the description text is only composed of 3
structures and has a clear purpose. Let's understand the types and examples of
description text.
Understanding Text Description
Description text is a paragraph where the main idea is
conveyed by clearly describing objects, places, or events that are being the
topic to the reader. So that the reader seems to feel directly what is being
expressed in the text.
Text Purpose Description
The purpose of the text is different from the negotiating
text, where the purpose of the description text is very clear, so that people
who read this text as if they are feeling directly what is being explained in
the text.
Character Text Description
The characteristics of this text are very clear so it will
be very easy to distinguish this text from other texts.
Here are the characteristics:
• Description paragraph describes something.
• The paragraph described is explained in a very clear and
detailed
manner and involves sensory impressions.
manner and involves sensory impressions.
• When the reader reads the description text, it is as if
they feel
directly what is being discussed in the text.
directly what is being discussed in the text.
• Text description describes the physical characteristics of
objects, such as shape, size, color, or psychological
characteristics / state of an object in detail.
objects, such as shape, size, color, or psychological
characteristics / state of an object in detail.
Text Structure Description
The 3 structures that make up the description text become a
whole. The 3 structures are:
1. Identification
Determine one's identity, objects, and so on.
2. Classification
Preparation of systems in groups according to prescribed rules
or standards.
or standards.
3. Description of parts
The text section that contains parts of the text inside the text.
Text Type Description
From Yuksinau.id sources, the description text itself can be
divided into 3 types, namely:
1. Text of paragraph description subjective: a paragraph
description that describes the object according to the
impression that is owned by the author of the text.
description that describes the object according to the
impression that is owned by the author of the text.
2. Spatial paragraph text: in this text the object described
is
only a place, object, space and others.
only a place, object, space and others.
3. Objective text: this text object is described as it is
according
to the actual state of the object without the addition of
opinion from the author itself.
to the actual state of the object without the addition of
opinion from the author itself.
Steps to Make Text / Paragraph Description
1. Determine the theme (object to be discussed).
2. Determining goals.
3. Collect data and make direct observations about the
object to be
discussed.
discussed.
4. After the data is collected, arrange the data into an outline
framework.
framework.
5. Describe the outline of the essay into a description text
that
is tailored to the topic.
is tailored to the topic.
Language Linguistic Character / Text Description
The following are the language rules of the text
description:
1. Using nouns according to the topic described. Like:
school,
home, my teacher, my friend, etc.
home, my teacher, my friend, etc.
2. Use phrases that contain nouns. For example, he is a
humble
principal, etc.
principal, etc.
3. Containing describing adjectives. Such as: one student is
diligent, two white socks, etc.
diligent, two white socks, etc.
4. Containing Transitive verbs to provide subject
information.
Like: the student is wearing a blue and white uniform, etc.
Like: the student is wearing a blue and white uniform, etc.
5. Containing verbs (feelings, opinions) with the aim of
expressing
the author's personal views on the subject. Like: I think it's a
smart cat, I'm sure the book is cheap, etc.
the author's personal views on the subject. Like: I think it's a
smart cat, I'm sure the book is cheap, etc.
6. Contains adverbs to provide additional information about
the
object. Like: quickly, at home, in the canteen, etc.
object. Like: quickly, at home, in the canteen, etc.
7. Contains figurative language in the form of parables or
metaphors. Like: soft skin like silk thread, etc.
Example Text Description
Example description text in Indonesian version English
I have a cat named Tara. The fur is black and white,
with white as the dominant color. Tara has a long tail and is very cute. Tara
loves to eat fish with rice. When Tara is hungry, she will meow asking for
food.
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